THE CLASS

The movie is related to drama. It is a French movie directed by Laurent Cantet in 2008. It is based on the novel written by François Bégaudeau in 2006. Movie is actually a autobiographical story of Bégaudeau's experiences. He is a French language teacher in a middle school in Paris. This film demonstrate us his struggles with problem children, especially Esmerelda , Khoumba , and Souleymane.

When the character of people in class is considered, François is calm, humorous and his approach is really warm. Souleymane is very aggressive. Also, he sometimes seem to be careless Esmeralda talks much more. Excellent movie and as much as i see value in the French educational system, this teacher failed the students. He did not value what they brought into the classroom. Heartbreaking the way he argued with Esmeralda without ever conceding that she made good points; and did not respect to Suleymane which was what he wanted above all. His code was not the talk of the French dialectic but silence if you had nothing of value to say. His parents had come to the wrong country! How beautiful he was how beautiful his mother was and how little respect they received. I disagree with whoever said, under his mother's thumb. And this is another cultural misunderstanding, but that he respected and obeyed his mother. One thing that was very frustrating for me. It was that the teacher never admitted he spoke in anger or apologized to the two young women. I think that Suleymane was standing up for the young women. He thought more of protecting himself than of being honest which might have vastly improved his teaching. His dishonesty with the students probably sent some of those children to uncertain futures.

In the class, there are ethnical groups. It is really hard to manage the class because of this multi-cultural atmosphere. According to Piaget’s theory, there are several stages of cognitive development. These students are in the stage of formal operational thinking. In this stage, students start to learn scientific method and hypothetical thinking but as I understand these students’ educational perspectives are completely different. During the class students argue the name in an example , particularly  “Bill” and “Rachid”. This situation shows that these students belong to different nations and cultures but it should not be a problem for a lecture because this is not important point to object the name given in the examples. These are the discursive elements which prevent to pay attention to the lecture for other students. There are also an interaction between individual and environment. Students avoid to make a good dialogue with the teacher. Students lack of self-confidence.

SIMULATION (MONTE CARLO)

In today’s world, risk analysis occur a state role in part of every decision we make. We are usually confronted with uncertainty. And even though we have unprecedented access to information, we can’t accurately predict the future. Monte Carlo simulation provides people with seeing outcomes which are likely possible results of your decisions. In order to make better decision, it helps you to assess the effect of risk.

Monte Carlo simulation is a mathematical method that provides people with accounting the risk in quantitative analysis and decision making. The technique is used by professionals in such widely disparate fields as finance, project management, energy, manufacturing, engineering, research and development, insurance, oil and gas, transportation, and the environment.

Monte Carlo simulation performs risk analysis by building models of possible results by substituting a range of value a probability distribution or any factor that has inherent uncertainty. It then calculates results over and over, each time using a different set of random values from the probability functions. Depending upon the number of uncertainties and the ranges specified for them, a Monte Carlo simulation could involve thousands or tens of thousands of recalculations before it is complete. Monte Carlo simulation produces distributions of possible outcome values.

Using Monte Carlo simulation has lots of advantages in estimating and determining of a project. Firstly, it provides probabilistic results. They will show both the results which could happen and how likely each outcomes. Secondly, Monte Carlo simulation includes large variety of data. And these data helps to create a graph of results. Third one is about sensitivity analysis. With just a few cases, deterministic analysis makes it difficult to see which variables impact the outcome the most.  In Monte Carlo simulation, it’s easy to see which inputs had the biggest effect on bottom-line results. Other advantage is scenario analysis. In deterministic models, it’s very difficult to model different combinations of values for different inputs to see the effects of truly different scenarios. Using Monte Carlo simulation, analysts can see exactly which inputs had which values together when certain outcomes occurred. This is invaluable for pursuing further analysis. The other one is related to correlation of inputs. In Monte Carlo simulation, it’s possible to model interdependent relationships between input variables.  It’s important for accuracy to represent how, in reality, when some factors goes up, others go up or down accordingly.

ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

           

Actuarial science is a way of finding results of risk in the insurance and finance. When it calculate the risk, it gets help with mathematics and statistics. In order to assess, solve and analyze the risk of future event, actuarial science uses the mathematics of probability and statistics. Traditional actuarial science largely revolves around the analysis of mortality and the production of life tables, and the application of compound interest.

Actuarial science is related to a few correlational subjects. These are about statistics, probability, mathematics, finance, economics, financial economics, and computer programming. Historically, actuarial science used deterministic models in the construction of tables and premiums. The science has gone through revolutionary changes during the last 30 years due to the proliferation of high speed computers and the union of stochastic actuarial models with modern financial theory

Actuarial science has two main applications. These are related to life insurance and pension. Actuarial science is also applied in the study of financial organizations to analyze their liabilities and improve financial decision-making. Actuaries employ this specialty science to evaluate the financial, economic and other business applications of future events. In addition to this, in today, there are lots of undergraduate and graduate degree programs about actuarial science in universities.

GAME THEORY

Game theory is a way of decision making. More formally, it is "the study of mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent rational decision makers." An alternative term suggested "as a more descriptive name for the discipline" is interactive decision theory. It is generally cited in psychology. In addition to this, it is also used in logic and economy.

Game theory is firstly used as zero sum games. This means that if a person in a game wins, other person must lose. There must be both loser and winner in type of games. However, in today’s, game theory may include wide variety of behaviors. These behaviors may be related to humans or animals or computers. Also, there is a non-zero sum games. In this type of games, there must not be both loser and winner. When a person in the game is losing, he or she may create a new strategy for his or her next behaviors.